Additive Relations

Partition, rearrange and regroup numbers to at least 1000 to solve additive problems

Use quantity values and non-standard partitioning to solve addition and subtraction problems

Model addition with and without regrouping and record the method used

Model subtraction with and without regrouping and record the method used

Use an algorithm with understanding to record addition and subtraction calculations, where efficient, involving 3-digit numbers

Recognise how hundreds are exchanged in subtraction algorithms requiring regrouping

Recognise when mental strategies would be more efficient than a vertical algorithm for subtraction

Solve subtraction questions with missing digits given the difference

Apply addition and subtraction to familiar contexts, including money and budgeting

Use estimation to check the validity of solutions to addition and subtraction problems, including those involving money

Reflect on a chosen strategy for solving a problem, considering whether it can be improved

Interpret problems involving money as requiring either addition or subtraction

Complete number sentences involving additive relations to find unknown quantities

Calculate missing numbers by completing number sentences involving addition and subtraction

Find the missing number in an equivalent number sentence involving operations of addition or subtraction on both sides of the equals sign

Create word problems that correspond to given addition and subtraction number sentences

Multiplicative Relations

Investigate number sequences involving related multiples

Generate number patterns using related multiples

Investigate number patterns involving related multiples

Use known number facts and strategies

Apply the known strategy of doubling to connect multiples of 3 to 6 and 4 to 8

Use known facts to find unknown multiples

Use the structure of the area model to represent multiplication and division

Create and represent multiplicative structure, moving from arrays to partially covered area models

Use number properties to find related multiplication facts

Use the commutative property of multiplication

Use the associative property within multiplication to regroup the factors

Use flexible partitioning within multiplication

Generate and recall multiplication fact families up to 10 x 10

Represent and solve word problems with number sentences involving multiplication or division

Use the equals sign to record equivalent number relationships involving multiplication

Complete number sentences involving multiplication and division by calculating missing numbers

Represent and solve multiplication and division (both sharing and grouping) word problems using number sentences

Operate with multiples of 10

Use multiplication facts with multiples of 10 to multiply a one-digit number by a multiple of 10

Use place value to rename groups of 10 to multiply

Apply the commutative and associative properties to multiply by multiples of 10

Partitioned Fractions

Model equivalent fractions as lengths

Represent the equivalence of fractions with related denominators as lengths, using concrete materials, diagrams and number lines

Recognise the need to have equal wholes to compare partitioned fractions

Represent fractions with the same-size whole to make valid comparisons (denominators of 2, 4 and 8; 3 and 6; 5 and 10)

Represent fractional quantities equal to and greater than one

Rename 2 halves, 3 thirds, 4 quarters, 5 fifths, 6 sixths, 8 eighths and 10 tenths as one whole

Regroup fractional parts beyond one

Represent totals of halves, thirds, quarters and fifths that extend beyond one

Determine the relative location of one-quarter and one-half when a number line extends beyond one

Geometric Measure

Position: Create and interpret grid maps

Create simple maps and plans from an aerial view, labelling grid references

Identify and mark locations on maps and plans, given their grid references

Position: Use directional language and describe routes with grid maps

Use a given grid map and compass directions (N, S, E, W) to plan, describe and show a route from one location to another

Use natural resources or landmarks to identify north, south, east, west

Relate compass directions to amounts of turn

Describe a return journey between 2 locations on a grid map

Length: Use scaled instruments to measure and compare lengths

Select and use an appropriate scaled instrument to measure lengths and distances

Select and use an appropriate unit to estimate, measure and compare lengths and distances

Recognise the features of a three-dimensional object associated with length that can be measured

Use the term perimeter to describe the distance around the boundary

Estimate and measure the perimeters of quadrilaterals

Convert between metres and centimetres, and between centimetres and millimetres

Record lengths and distances using decimal notation to 2 decimal places

Angles: Compare angles to a right angle

Compare angles to a right angle using an informal means

Recognise and describe angles as less than, equal to, about the same as or greater than a right angle

Describe angles in comparison to quarter-turns as acute, right, obtuse, straight, reflex or a revolution

Identify the arms and vertex of an angle where one arm is visible and the other arm is invisible

Two-dimensional spatial structure

2D shapes: Create two-dimensional shapes that result from combining and splitting common shapes

Combine common two-dimensional shapes, including quadrilaterals, to form other common shapes or designs

Split a given shape into 2 or more common shapes and describe the result

Record the arrangements of common shapes used to create other shapes

2D shapes: Create symmetrical patterns and shapes

Create and record tessellating designs by reflecting, translating and rotating triangles or quadrilaterals

Apply and describe amounts of rotation, including half-turns, quarter-turns and three-quarter-turns, when creating designs

Area: Measure the areas of shapes using the grid structure

Measure the areas of rectangles and right-angled triangles using a square-centimetre grid overlay

Estimate the areas of shapes found in the environment using efficient strategies (non-count-by-one) with a grid overlay

Recognise that rectangles with different side lengths can have the same area

Area: Compare surfaces using familiar metric units of area

Estimate before measuring to determine the larger of 2 rectangular areas in square centimetres

Estimate before measuring to determine the larger of 2 rectangular areas in square metresTwo-dimensional spatial structure

2D shapes: Create two-dimensional shapes that result from combining and splitting common shapes

Combine common two-dimensional shapes, including quadrilaterals, to form other common shapes or designs

Split a given shape into 2 or more common shapes and describe the result

Record the arrangements of common shapes used to create other shapes

2D shapes: Create symmetrical patterns and shapes

Create and record tessellating designs by reflecting, translating and rotating triangles or quadrilaterals

Apply and describe amounts of rotation, including half-turns, quarter-turns and three-quarter-turns, when creating designs

Area: Measure the areas of shapes using the grid structure

Measure the areas of rectangles and right-angled triangles using a square-centimetre grid overlay

Estimate the areas of shapes found in the environment using efficient strategies (non-count-by-one) with a grid overlay

Recognise that rectangles with different side lengths can have the same area

Area: Compare surfaces using familiar metric units of area

Estimate before measuring to determine the larger of 2 rectangular areas in square centimetres

Estimate before measuring to determine the larger of 2 rectangular areas in square metres

Three-dimensional spatial structure

3D objects: Connect three-dimensional objects and two-dimensional representations

Identify features of prisms and pyramids (faces, vertices and edges) and cylinders (curved/flat surfaces and boundaries) from images

Create sketches of rectangular prisms and pyramids, showing depth

Create sketches of three-dimensional objects from different views, including top, front and side views

Draw different views on isometric grids of an object constructed from connecting cubes

Interpret given drawings to make models of three-dimensional objects using connecting cubes

Volume: Use scaled instruments to measure and compare capacities (internal volumes)

Recognise the need for a formal unit smaller than the litre to measure capacity (internal volume)

Use a scaled instrument to relate 1000 millilitres to one litre

Relate benchmark values to familiar everyday containers

Calibrate a container by marking 100 mL increments to measure capacity (internal volume) to the nearest 100 mL

Record capacity (internal volume) using the abbreviation for millilitres (mL) and litres (L)

Compare and order the capacities (internal volumes) of 2 or more containers measured in millilitres

Estimate the capacity (internal volume) of a container to common benchmark values, such as 250 mL, and check by measuring

Non-spatial Measure

Mass: Use scaled instruments to measure and compare masses

Recognise the need for a formal unit smaller than the kilogram

Use a scaled instrument to relate 1000 grams to one kilogram

Identify familiar objects that could be measured in grams

Measure and record mass in grams (g) using a scaled instrument

Compare 2 or more objects by mass measured in kilograms and grams using a set of scales

Interpret commonly used fractions of a kilogram, including 1/2, 1/4, 1/3, and relate these to the number of grams

Record masses greater than a kilogram using kilograms and grams

Time: Represent and interpret digital time displays

Identify situations where duration is measured in seconds

Read or set the time on digital devices to the minute or second, recognising there are 60 seconds in one minute

Recognise that the hour is read first in a digital display

Determine the time remaining until the next hour on a digital clock

Time: Use am and pm notation

Record times using the colon notation with am and pm to distinguish between morning and evening

Relate the terms midday or noon and midnight to am and pm

Relate analog notation to digital notation for time

Data

Select and trial methods for data collection

Create a survey and related recording sheet, considering the appropriate organisation of categories for data collection

Refine survey questions as necessary after a small trial

Conduct a survey or make observations to collect categorical or numerical data

Compare the effectiveness of different methods of collecting and recording data

Construct and interpret data displays with many-to-one scales

Use a given many-to-one scale to represent discrete data in column graphs

Use data in a spreadsheet to create column graphs with units on vertical axes that are in multiples

Interpret and evaluate the effectiveness of various data displays found in media and in factual texts where displays represent data using a scale of many-to-one

Chance

Describe the likelihood of outcomes of chance events

Use the terms equally likely, likely and unlikely to describe the chance of everyday events occurring

Compare the likelihood of obtaining particular outcomes in a simple chance experiment by predicting, conducting the experiment and comparing the results with the prediction

Identify when events are affected by previous events

Identify and discuss events where the chance of one event occurring will not be affected by the occurrence of the other.

Compare events where the chance of one event occurring is affected by the occurrence of the other.